Common Reactions to Trauma

How People React to Tragedy

As a helper, it’s important to understand that everyone reacts differently to traumatic events. A person’s response will be shaped by many factors—including their personal history, physical and mental health, the suddenness of the event, and the timing in their life when the tragedy occurs.

While every individual is unique, there are some common reactions you are likely to see when supporting someone in crisis:

Common Reactions to Traumatic Events

• Shock and disbelief

• Guilt

• Anger or blaming

• Emotional numbness

• Denial of the event’s enormity

• Confusion

• Feeling paralyzed or stuck

• Difficulty making decisions

• Helplessness

• Fear

• An urgent need for answers or information

What This Means for You as a Helper

When someone says,
“What is the matter with me?”
You can gently reassure them:
“What you’re experiencing is very normal under these circumstances.”

When one survivor judges another’s reaction,
“Why is she crying? I’m fine.”
You can respond with:
“Everyone grieves differently.”

These simple statements can make a powerful difference in helping survivors feel seen, understood, and less alone.